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Introduction to Literary Onomastics
Dvořáková, Žaneta ; Harvalík, Milan (advisor) ; Šrámek, Rudolf (referee) ; Krško, Jaromír (referee)
Introduction to Literary Onomastics Abstract Žaneta Dvořáková Czech onomastics has been traditionally well advanced; it has a high-quality theoretical and methodological foundation and is highly regarded internationally. However, unlike in other countries, literary onomastics as one of its disciplines still lacks sufficient attention. R. Šrámek - along with his counterparts abroad, K. Gutschmidt and W. F. H. Nicolaisen - points out its terminological and methodological inconsistency, insufficient theoretical elaboration and the problem of defining its scope of research. It is this call that I want to answer with my dissertation. The goal of my Introduction To Literary Onomastics is to provide a critical and complex summary and assessment of the current understanding of literary proper names and to further research the subject - especially by extending its scope with some new views of anthroponyms in fiction based on profound analyses of modern works of Czech and foreign literature of the 19th and 20th century. My research builds upon methodological-theoretical findings reached by the development of both Czech and foreign literary onomastics; at the same time, it draws on the latest findings of general onomastic theory. Excerpted works purposely represent a wide variety of literary genres, which allows us to...
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Synchronic and diachronic views on literary anthroponyms
Dvořáková, Žaneta
My paper is focused on synchronic and diachronic views on literary anthroponyms. Synchronic analyses of literary proper names include two fields of study. The first one is a contemporary poetic (i. e. a set of „rules“ in art prevailing in an era of writing the story) and a contemporary context (social, historical etc.) and their influence on a choice and an understanding of names in a text. The second one is a confrontation of literary and real onymical system in a concrete time period. Diachronic research should be concerned especially an evolution of naming strategies e. g. in one literary genre
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From Kvilda to Kašperské Hory (Literary Toponyms in Works of Karel Klostermann)
Procházková, Žaneta
Karel Klostermann used toponyms very often in his narratives (e. g. in the novel V ráji šumavském there are 114 different ones) and he cumulated them in long enumerations. Toponyms were an inseparable part of his detailed descriptions of a scene. These place names and minor place names were always real. It seems that the author wanted to add credibility to his story also through the use of real existing toponyms, which was a popular practice in literature at that time.
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How Literary Characters Experience Their Names
Procházková, Žaneta
Characters not only use their names in narrative but they live through them as well. They identify themselves with their names or they hate them. For some of characters the name is something given only by chance. Characters talk about names, appreciate them, look for their origin or try to explain the meaning of names. Character’s opinion of name always shows us something about his/her personality.
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Anthroponyms in the Prose of Jan Drda
Štěpánová, Veronika
This paper, belonging to the field of literary onomastics, provides an analysis of the functions of anthroponyms in the works of Jan Drda. Personal names occur in the fiction of this author very frequently and are of great importance. It is evident that the author chose and invented them with great care.
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Association Function of Proper Names in Literature
Dvořáková, Žaneta
According to our definition the association function refers to real persons/places or persons/places known from literature or cultural tradition. Names with the association function do not have to be identical with referential names, they can be only similar to them. The guiding principle of the association function is understanding of allusion, finding the relation between literary character (and her/his name) and the person who had been the pre-image of the character. There are four basic naming situations: 1) the real person (or place) has her/his true name in literature; 2) a fictive name is given to the real person (or place) found in literature; 3) the fictive character (or place) has a true name of someone else known from the real world; 4) the fictive character is called by a fictive name. All names make an important part of the text structure, they do not exist separate. That is why it is necessary to analyse names in the context of the whole piece of art.
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Factors Influencing the Choise of Names in Literature (Using Examples from J. K. Tyl’s Drama)
Dvořáková, Žaneta
Showing all names of J. K. Tyl’s characters was not the purpose of this paper. I wanted to refer to characteristic naming tendencies, to some interesting cases and especially to factors influencing the choice of names. I can illustrate it on the example of the name Krvomír: the selection of this name is conditioned by the literary genre (it is a typical kind of name in a fairy tale), by contemporary poetics (it was a very popular kind of name in literature of the 1830s and 1840s), by function (a calling name characterizes the character by using the semantic meaning of the name: “krev” means blood in Czech). The form of the name is also very interesting, it corresponds with old Slavonic names (cp. Jaromír, Vladimír, Mojmír). However, the name Krvomír is not documented in reality, it is an invention of J. K. Tyl. The creation of this concrete name was influenced by author’s poetics and his inventive approach to names within the framework of the particular naming scheme.
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The Power of the Proper Name and Its Taboo in Modern Literature
Dvořáková, Žaneta
I focused on the power of names as well as on prohibition of saying them aloud (taboo) in modern literature. Calling someone by his/her name can be prohibited by the whole society (e. g. the name of Lord Voldemort) or by the character her/himself (e. g. Sauron) because the proper name is an integral part of personality and her/his self-reflection (e. g. Piscine Molitor Patel hates his name and does not want anyone to call him by this name) . Taboo can be caused by anxiety about revenge of the creature called in by its name (e. g. Polednice). The knowledge of someone’s name can give us a power to attack or overrule the person through his/her name (e. g. Rumpelstilzchen) because the name acts as a magic formula. In modern literature we can also find problem of name “stolen” by totalitarian society.
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WE and THEY – Names of Foreigners in Czech Literature
Procházková, Žaneta
Authors usually choose “typical“ or “common“ names for foreigners in literary works. Names are understanded as “typical“ because of their origin, form and frequency of presence in real world. According to my opinion a signal of attribute of character’s “foreignness“ is more important than typicalness (i.e. classification function). Graphic form of the name, its phonetic or morphologic structure can be a signal of the foreignness.
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